Operations research is a branch of applied mathematics that develops and applies analytical methods, including optimization, simulation and queueing theory, to improve decision-making. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
Central QuestionGiven a decision-making problem with competing constraints and objectives, which of the field's many techniques, simulation, mathematical optimization, queueing theory, stochastic-process models and the rest, finds a solution that is optimal or close enough to optimal to act on. 1 Key DebateHow operations research relates to the older, narrower techniques it grew out of. Scientists in Britain and in the United States, among them George Dantzig, built the field during the Second World War by searching for better ways to make logistics and training decisions, and the field has since broadened into the wide range of optimization, queueing and decision-analysis techniques it now encompasses, its identity closer to a toolbox unified by purpose than to a single theory. 1 Classification
Pure or Applied Operations Research
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Source Ailsa Land (Wikipedia)
Source Andrew Vázsonyi (Wikipedia)
Source Frank Lauren Hitchcock (Wikipedia)
Source George Dantzig (Wikipedia)
Source Hua Luogeng (Wikipedia)
Source Martin Grötschel (Wikipedia)
Source Mathematical Model
Source Mechthild Stoer (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Merrill M. Flood
Source Renfrey Potts (Wikipedia)
Source Warren Weaver (Wikipedia)
Source Weighted Sum Model (Wikipedia)
Sources
1. Operations Research (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHistory section
Modern operational research originated at the Bawdsey Research Station in the UK in 1937 as the result of an initiative of the station's superintendent, A
Lead paragraph
Operations research (OR) encompasses the development and the use of a wide range of problem-solving techniques and methods applied in the pursuit of improved decision-making and efficiency, such as simulation, mathematical optimization, queueing theory and other stochastic-process models, Markov decision processes, econometric methods, data envelopment analysis, ordinal priority approach, neural networks, expert systems, decision analysis, and the analytic hierarchy process.
Lead section
Operations research (British English: operational research), often shortened to the initialism OR, is a branch of applied mathematics that deals with the development and application of analytical methods to improve management and decision-making.
Overview
operations research arrives at optimal or near-optimal solutions to decision-making problems.
Historical origins
Scientists in the United Kingdom (including Patrick Blackett (later Lord Blackett OM PRS), Cecil Gordon, Solly Zuckerman, (later Baron Zuckerman OM, KCB, FRS), C. H. Waddington, Owen Wansbrough-Jones, Frank Yates, Jacob Bronowski and Freeman Dyson), and in the United States (George Dantzig) looked for ways to make better decisions in such areas as logistics and training schedules.
View the Source Weighted Sum Model (Wikipedia)
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is the best known and simplest multi-criteria decision analysis
Hua Luogeng (Wikipedia)
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Hua's later work on mathematical optimization and operations research made an enormous impact on China's economy.
Frank Lauren Hitchcock (Wikipedia)
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known for his formulation of the transportation problem in 1941
Renfrey Potts (Wikipedia)
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operations research, especially networks
Warren Weaver (Wikipedia)
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directing the work of mathematicians in operations research
George Dantzig (Wikipedia)
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contributions to industrial engineering, operations research, computer science, economics, and statistics
Ailsa Land (Wikipedia)
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was a professor of Operational Research in the Department of Management at the London School of Economics
Mechthild Stoer (Wikipedia)
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is a German applied mathematician and operations researcher
Martin Grötschel (Wikipedia)
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main mathematical research fields are graph theory, linear and mixed-integer optimization and operations research
Andrew Vázsonyi (Wikipedia)
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was a Hungarian mathematician and operations researcher.
Wikipedia: Merrill M. Flood
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Flood is considered a pioneer in the field of management science and operations research
Mathematical Model
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In particular, the field of operations research studies the use of mathematical modelling and related tools to solve problems in business or military operations.
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