The Lindbladian, also called the Liouvillian superoperator, is a mathematical operator that appears in the Lindblad master equation, formally the Franke-Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (FGKSL, or GKSL) equation, which describes the Markovian evolution of the density matrix of an open quantum system. It is named after the physicists who developed it, including Göran Lindblad, and it generalizes the Schrodinger equation to account for a quantum system's interaction with its environment, capturing effects such as energy dissipation and decoherence that a purely unitary description cannot. The Lindbladian is used to model real phenomena such as spontaneous photon emission and the behavior of quantum devices such as lasers.
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In quantum mechanics, the Franke-Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (FGKSL) master equation (named after Valentin Franke, Vittorio Gorini, Andrzej Kossakowski, George Sudarshan and Göran Lindblad), Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) master equation, master equation in Lindblad form, quantum Liouvillian, or Lindbladian is one of the general forms of Markovian master equations describing open quantum systems.
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