Thomas Clausen was a Danish mathematician and astronomer, born on 16 January 1801 at Snogbæk in the Duchy of Schleswig and died on 23 May 1885 in Tartu, Imperial Russia. He learned mathematics at home, became a trainee at the Munich Optical Institute in 1820 and at the Altona Observatory in 1824, and in 1842 was hired by the staff of the Tartu Observatory, becoming its director from 1866 to 1872. He discovered Clausen's formula in 1828 and the Clausen function in 1832, and in 1840 he discovered the Von Staudt-Clausen theorem and found two compass and straightedge constructions of lunes with equal area to a square. In 1854 he factored the sixth Fermat number as 67280421310721 times 274177.
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Source Wikipedia: Thomas Clausen
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Source Von Staudt-Clausen Theorem (Wikipedia)
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Sources
1. MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews: Thomas Clausen
MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St AndrewsBiographyQuote, Biography
He was the oldest of his parents' eight children but did not attend school so he did not learn to read or write.
Wikipedia: Thomas Clausen
In Branch: Number Theory, LeadQuote, In Branch: Number Theory, Lead
he discovered the Von Staudt-Clausen theorem
Von Staudt-Clausen Theorem (Wikipedia)
Proofs Credited: Von Staudt-Clausen Theorem, Lead sentence, attributionQuote, Proofs Credited: Von Staudt-Clausen Theorem, Lead sentence, attribution
found independently by Karl von Staudt (1840) and Thomas Clausen (1840)
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