Mathematics Atlas

How Proof Is Made
Sign In
Text size
100%
Theme
Theorem

Noether's Second Theorem

Mathematical Physics

Noether's Second Theorem is a result of mathematics and theoretical physics, proved by Emmy Noether alongside her more widely known first theorem, relating the symmetries of an action functional that depend on arbitrary functions of position, rather than on constant parameters, to a system of differential identities among the equations of motion. It governs the local, or gauge, symmetries found in field theories such as general relativity and electromagnetism, in contrast to the global symmetries and conserved quantities covered by Noether's first theorem.

Facts
Statement
Whenever a Lagrangian admits gauge symmetries parametrized linearly by q arbitrary functions and their derivatives, there exist q linear differential relations among the Euler-Lagrange equations of that Lagrangian. 1
Proof Year
1918 1
Classification
Statement Form
Existence Theorem 1
Connections

Has Statement Form

In Branch

Source Noether's second theorem, Wikipedia

Named After

Proved By

Source Noether's second theorem, Wikipedia
Sources
1. Noether's second theorem, Wikipedia
  • Noether's second theorem section
    The statement of Noether's second theorem is that whenever given a Lagrangian L as above that admits gauge symmetries parametrized linearly by q arbitrary functions and their derivatives, then there exist q linear differential relations between the Euler-Lagrange equations of L.
  • References
    Invariante Variationsprobleme, Nachr. D. Konig. Gesellsch. D. Wiss. Zu Gottingen, Math-phys. Klasse, 1918: 235-257.
  • In Branch: Mathematical Physics, Lead
    Noether's second theorem relates symmetries of an action functional with a system of differential equations
  • Proved By: Emmy Noether, Lead
    The theorem is named after its discoverer, Emmy Noether.
  • In Group: Classical Mechanics and Dynamics, Lead section
    and theoretical physics, Noether's second theorem relates symmetries of an action functional with a system of differential equations. The
View the Source
Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.
Reader Challenges (0)
No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.