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Chen-Ning Yang
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Chinese-born physicist who, with Robert Mills, introduced the Yang-Mills gauge theory in 1954, the mathematical and physical framework the Clay Mathematics Institute's Yang-Mills existence and mass gap problem asks be put on a rigorous footing. He shared the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-Dao Lee for showing that parity is violated in weak interactions. He worked at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, from 1949.
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Nationality / CultureChinese, naturalized American citizen 1964, renounced American citizenship 2015 1 Defining ContributionWith Robert Mills, introduced Yang-Mills gauge theory in 1954, the framework underlying the Clay Mathematics Institute's Yang-Mills existence and mass gap Millennium Prize problem. 2 Notable WorkConservation of Isotopic Spin and Isotopic Gauge Invariance, with Robert Mills (Physical Review, October 1954) 2 AwardNobel Prize in Physics, 1957, shared with Tsung-Dao Lee 3 Cross-Tradition Connections
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Yang and Mills introduced the underlying gauge theory in 1954; the Millennium Prize question about its rigorous quantum construction and mass gap was posed by the Clay Mathematics Institute in 2000, not by Yang or Mills themselves.
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